On October 3, 2008, Congress passed, and the President signed, the Emergency Economic Stabilization Act of 2008 (EESA). The wide-ranging legislation contains a variety of tax relief measures and other provisions. However, the cornerstone of the bill–widely referred to as the “bailout bill”–was designed as a rescue plan for the financial markets.
Why the EESA?
The “bailout” portion of the Emergency Economic Stabilization Act of 2008 was passed in response to a request by U.S. Treasury Secretary Henry Paulson, who said quick action and expanded Treasury authority were needed to address turmoil in the financial markets (see sidebar “A brief chronology of what led to the bailout bill”). The financial world has become so tightly linked that when one portion of it–subprime mortgages and securities based on them–began to experience difficulties, the problems created a ripple effect that spread across the globe.